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“農(nóng)殘”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)升級(jí) 植保機(jī)械莫錯(cuò)過良機(jī)

2017-02-24 11:07:44 來源:中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量:46398 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀:“民以食為天,食以質(zhì)為先”,隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高及健康意識(shí)的增強(qiáng),食品安全問題一直關(guān)注度高的話題。2016年,我國(guó)主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品例行監(jiān)測(cè)總體合格率為97.5%,同比上升0.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn),農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全保持穩(wěn)中向好態(tài)勢(shì)。

  【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】“民以食為天,食以質(zhì)為先”,隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高及健康意識(shí)的增強(qiáng),食品安全問題一直關(guān)注度高的話題。2016年,我國(guó)主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品例行監(jiān)測(cè)總體合格率為97.5%,同比上升0.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn),農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全保持穩(wěn)中向好態(tài)勢(shì)。
 
  但與此同時(shí),農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全問題隱患依然存在,化學(xué)性污染,尤其農(nóng)藥殘留是造成農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全隱患的主要原因之一。如何從源頭上控制污染?改變舊的植保理念,建立新的植保模式已成為今后我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要方向。
 
  “農(nóng)殘”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)升級(jí) 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量要求顯著提升
 
  保障農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全,落實(shí)農(nóng)藥化肥“零增長(zhǎng)”是關(guān)鍵。2017年中央一號(hào)文件繼續(xù)推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)改革,聚焦“三農(nóng)”。在這一輪農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)改革中,突出、重要的是解決綠色、安全和放心問題。
 
  自2010年以來,農(nóng)業(yè)部組織制定了387種農(nóng)藥的殘留限量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5450項(xiàng),涉及284種農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。同時(shí),還制定了《食品中農(nóng)藥殘留風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估指南》、《食品中農(nóng)藥大殘留限量制定指南》和《農(nóng)藥每日允許攝入量制定指南》等技術(shù)規(guī)范。治理“農(nóng)殘”,順應(yīng)百姓對(duì)安全農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的新期待。今年2月8日,國(guó)務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議通過《農(nóng)藥管理?xiàng)l例(修訂草案)》,圍繞保障農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全,將原由多部門負(fù)責(zé)的農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)管理職責(zé)統(tǒng)一劃歸農(nóng)業(yè)部門,“農(nóng)殘”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)得到進(jìn)一步升級(jí)。
 
  顯然,隨著人們對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品要求的不斷提升,國(guó)家也在不斷努力中。要想解決農(nóng)殘問題,光是制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還不夠,需要從源頭治理。
 
  農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全與植保技術(shù)息息相關(guān)
 
  農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的農(nóng)藥殘留是造成農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全的主要原因,而農(nóng)藥的殘留與農(nóng)作物植保方式息息相關(guān),主要表現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面。
 
  ,植保技術(shù)使用不當(dāng)。在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,由于病蟲害的威脅,實(shí)施植保措施有利于保證農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量,但是為使效果更佳,人們往往會(huì)超標(biāo)實(shí)施化肥農(nóng)藥,這樣即使讓農(nóng)產(chǎn)品獲得相當(dāng)程度的高產(chǎn),同時(shí)也給病蟲害再次侵染創(chuàng)造了有利條件;第二,植保技術(shù)不成熟。目前,在我國(guó)很多地區(qū)仍以人工施藥為主,每畝打多少、如何分配比例依然難以把握。傳統(tǒng)的植保方式與農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全之間的矛盾越來越突出,如何改變這種現(xiàn)狀,引發(fā)大家的深思。
 
  響應(yīng)農(nóng)藥化肥“零增長(zhǎng)”號(hào)召 植保機(jī)械迎接新機(jī)遇
  
  植保是農(nóng)業(yè)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)的主要措施,也是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品安全的技術(shù)保障。為響應(yīng)農(nóng)藥化肥“零增長(zhǎng)”號(hào)召,我國(guó)諸多地區(qū)利用農(nóng)機(jī)購(gòu)置補(bǔ)貼等政策和重大病蟲統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治等項(xiàng)目,扶持社會(huì)化服務(wù)組織,引進(jìn)新型植保機(jī)械,開展統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治,減少盲目施藥、重復(fù)施藥,提高農(nóng)藥利用率。這種方式有效的緩解了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全與傳統(tǒng)植保的矛盾,同時(shí)也增加了植保機(jī)械的市場(chǎng)需求,給植保機(jī)械發(fā)展帶來新機(jī)遇。
 
  預(yù)計(jì)未來,各種新型植保機(jī)械,如自走式噴桿噴霧機(jī)、大型風(fēng)送彌霧機(jī)等將成為主要施藥機(jī)械,特別是在玉米、小麥、馬鈴薯、大豆、向日葵等主要作物種植區(qū),使用幾率不斷擴(kuò)大。植保無人機(jī)作業(yè)面積也將逐年增加,尤其在水稻田病害防治上所占比重將越來越大,植保機(jī)械需求浪潮即將再度涌來。
 
  結(jié)語(yǔ):農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全關(guān)乎國(guó)家民生,在新形勢(shì)下,改變傳統(tǒng)植保模式,運(yùn)用植保機(jī)械可以有效解決農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)過程中的病蟲害防治難題,顯著降低化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的使用量,避免農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中的農(nóng)藥殘留量超標(biāo),從而提升農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全水平,打造“舌尖上的安全”。

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