農(nóng)業(yè)部：構(gòu)筑農(nóng)業(yè)綠色未來的九大核心解讀

2017-10-20 10:42:14 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量：34948 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】　自2012年以來，國家部署了一系列重大決策，農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展實現(xiàn)了良好開局。但總體上看，農(nóng)業(yè)主要依靠資源消耗的粗放經(jīng)營方式?jīng)]有根本改變，農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染和生態(tài)退化的趨勢尚未有效遏制，綠色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和生態(tài)產(chǎn)品供給還不能滿足人民群眾日益增長的需求，農(nóng)業(yè)支撐保障制度體系有待進(jìn)一步健全。為創(chuàng)新體制機(jī)制，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展，9月30日，中辦、國辦印發(fā)《關(guān)于創(chuàng)新體制機(jī)制推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展的意見》，目前，農(nóng)業(yè)部已經(jīng)陸續(xù)發(fā)布九個方面的政策解讀。
 
農(nóng)業(yè)部：構(gòu)筑農(nóng)業(yè)綠色未來的九大核心解讀
 
　　解讀一 保護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)耕地資源環(huán)境
 
　　嚴(yán)格控制城市空間總面積的擴(kuò)張，控制各類建設(shè)占用耕地，保護(hù)好平原和城市周邊的基本農(nóng)田，優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)主體功能和空間布局，構(gòu)建科學(xué)適度有序的農(nóng)業(yè)空間布局體系；強(qiáng)化資源環(huán)境管控，建立農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單制度，因地制宜制定禁止和限制發(fā)展產(chǎn)業(yè)名錄，控制種養(yǎng)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)模和強(qiáng)度。
 
　　解讀二 打造“綠色扶貧”模式
 
　　抓住農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的有利機(jī)遇，適應(yīng)消費市場升級需求，在貧困地區(qū)大力發(fā)展綠色、有機(jī)和地理標(biāo)識綠色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，打造一批特色農(nóng)業(yè)品牌，帶動農(nóng)民群眾脫貧致富。
 
　　解讀三 提高節(jié)水灌溉效率
 
　　我國水資源短缺，又是農(nóng)業(yè)用水大戶，水資源供需矛盾日益突出。保持農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，確保國家糧食安全和重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品有效供給，必須做好農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水這篇大文章，推進(jìn)品種節(jié)水、結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)水、農(nóng)藝節(jié)水、工程節(jié)水、制度節(jié)水等五方面來提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水效率，力爭到2020年，農(nóng)田灌溉水有效利用系數(shù)提高到0.55以上。
 
　　解讀四 農(nóng)藥化肥“減量增效”
 
　　《意見》提出，到2020年，主要農(nóng)作物化肥、農(nóng)藥使用量實現(xiàn)零增長，化肥、農(nóng)藥利用率將達(dá)到40%以上。實現(xiàn)以上目標(biāo)，各地要加大使用有機(jī)肥代替化肥，提高施藥效率，加快新機(jī)具的推廣等持續(xù)加力、久久為功。
 
　　解讀五  農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物“資源化”
 
　　《意見》提出，到2020年秸稈綜合利用率達(dá)到85%，養(yǎng)殖廢棄物綜合利用率達(dá)到75%，農(nóng)膜回收率達(dá)到80%。實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，要深入實施東北地區(qū)秸稈處理行動、畜禽糞污資源化行動、農(nóng)膜回收行動，強(qiáng)化政策、典型示范、主體培育，確保取得實效。
 
　　解讀六 打造“田園生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”
 
　　注重生態(tài)保育，是農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展的根本要求。尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)與旅游、教育、文化、健康等產(chǎn)業(yè)深度融合；注重面上推進(jìn)與示范創(chuàng)建并舉、量化目標(biāo)與制度創(chuàng)新并行，把農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境治理、廢棄物綜合利用與農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)方式、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)和地方農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展有機(jī)結(jié)合起來，形成“主體小循環(huán)、園區(qū)中循環(huán)、縣域大循環(huán)”的“三級循環(huán)”模式，構(gòu)建起點串成線、線織成網(wǎng)、網(wǎng)覆蓋省的生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)示范體系。
 
　　解讀七 加大對我國“大的陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”的治理和保護(hù)
 
　　草原既是我國大的陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，也是廣大農(nóng)牧民群眾基礎(chǔ)的生產(chǎn)生活資料。“十三五”期間，農(nóng)業(yè)部將深入落實中央關(guān)于生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的部署，扎實推進(jìn)草原保護(hù)制度建設(shè)，建立健全“權(quán)屬明晰、保護(hù)有力、評價科學(xué)、利用合理、監(jiān)管到位”的草原保護(hù)制度體系，促進(jìn)草原休養(yǎng)生息、永續(xù)發(fā)展。
 
　　解讀八 富裕漁民的同時加大保護(hù)漁業(yè)資源
 
　　推行水產(chǎn)健康養(yǎng)殖制度，加快推進(jìn)水產(chǎn)苗種產(chǎn)地檢疫和監(jiān)督執(zhí)法，加強(qiáng)重大水生動物疫病監(jiān)測預(yù)警，提高疫病防控和應(yīng)急處置能力。完善海洋漁船“雙控”和伏季休漁制度，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)減船轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)，開展捕撈限額試點，嚴(yán)厲打擊“絕戶網(wǎng)”等非法捕撈行為。加快推進(jìn)長江流域全面禁捕，在長江流域水生生物保護(hù)區(qū)實現(xiàn)禁捕。
 
　　解讀九 完善綠色產(chǎn)品的流通體系
 
　　落實《意見》的部署和要求，可以從健全完善農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系、加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)地農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和增強(qiáng)產(chǎn)地市場信息服務(wù)功能出發(fā)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品綠色流通體系建設(shè)，發(fā)揮綠色流通的先導(dǎo)性作用，有利于密切農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)與市場消費，穩(wěn)定農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場價格，加快農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變，促進(jìn)農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。
 
　　從目前農(nóng)業(yè)部出臺的九方面解讀來看，農(nóng)業(yè)的綠色發(fā)展與我們的生活息息相關(guān)，需要我們每個人共同構(gòu)建，同時也更加關(guān)乎農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)和制造方向。
 
　　解讀未完待續(xù)...
 
　　中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處。
 
　　資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)部
 

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