夏邑農(nóng)機：為農(nóng)村環(huán)境整治勇?lián)姑?/h1>
2019-05-24 15:46:45 來源：河南省夏邑縣農(nóng)機服務中心 閱讀量：17115 評論

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 目前，農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染問題已成為制約鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)發(fā)展的一個重要障礙。作為農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村工作的農(nóng)機部門如何在農(nóng)村環(huán)境治理，建設美麗鄉(xiāng)村中發(fā)揮積極作用？河南省夏邑縣農(nóng)機服務中心以勇于擔當?shù)呢熑胃泻褪姑?，明確以推廣發(fā)展綠色、節(jié)約、環(huán)保機械為重點，大力推進資源節(jié)約、秸稈廢物利用和畜禽糞便補貼機具三大目標任務，為新時代鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略實施奠定了堅實基礎。
 
　　為貫徹落實國務院總理李克強在《政府工作報告》中“要扎實推進鄉(xiāng)村建設，因地制宜開展農(nóng)村環(huán)境整治，垃圾污水治理，建設美麗鄉(xiāng)村”的要求。為加強農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染防治，搞好水污染排放、固體廢棄物和垃圾等處置，開展農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治行動。一是實施資源節(jié)約行動。實施農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水，是提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水效率，減少面源污染排放，改善水生態(tài)環(huán)境的有效手段和措施。該中心結合自身工作職能，充分發(fā)揮農(nóng)機部門優(yōu)勢，把實施節(jié)水節(jié)約節(jié)肥和作業(yè)作為工作著力點，大力推廣補貼——節(jié)水減排機械(噴灌機和噴霧機)、免耕播種機、旋耕播種機、條播機、穴播機、施肥機、無人航空器，通過有效控制噴水、播種、施肥、植保，推動農(nóng)業(yè)高質量發(fā)展。
 
　　二是搞好秸稈綜合利用。秸稈等農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物是造成種植業(yè)面源污染的一個重要方面。開展秸稈綜合利用工作是提升耕地質量、改善農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村環(huán)境、實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)高質量發(fā)展和綠色發(fā)展的重要舉措。為此，該中心積極與縣領導匯報，贏得支持，并加強與農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府溝通協(xié)調(diào)，組織農(nóng)機、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府和村人員對全縣小麥種植面積、秸稈粉碎還田和離田面積進行調(diào)查摸底，掌握小麥秸稈產(chǎn)生量、還田量和離田利用量等基礎數(shù)據(jù)，研究制定農(nóng)機主推技術、補貼機具重點。利用農(nóng)機購置補貼政策，大力推廣補貼大馬力拖拉機、秸稈粉碎還田機、翻轉犁、深松機等，并對購買補貼聯(lián)合收割機農(nóng)戶，要求必須裝配秸稈粉碎還田機，為深耕深松整地、秸稈粉碎還田和翻埋等提供保障；大力推廣抓草機、秸稈壓塊(粒、棒)機、青飼料收獲機、撿拾壓捆機(打捆機)等農(nóng)業(yè)機械，達到秸稈粉碎回收、秸稈機械化撿拾打捆，既避免了因秸稈焚燒造成的環(huán)境污染，又達到了資源合理利用。
 
　　三是加大農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物利用處理設備補貼力度。由于農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)在農(nóng)藥和化肥高度使用，導致糞污消納能力降低，加上養(yǎng)殖業(yè)糞污廢水排放，對農(nóng)村土壤和水體造成了較大污染，畜禽糞污是已成為農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的一個重要原因。該中心把農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物利用處理設備 (清糞機、糞污固液分離機、畜禽糞便發(fā)酵機等)、病死畜禽無害化處理設備、殘膜回收機等支持農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)機械敞開補貼，實行應補盡補。同時，通過廣播電視、宣傳車、散發(fā)宣傳單、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等多措并舉加大宣傳力度，引導農(nóng)民有效利用節(jié)水減排、秸稈綜合利用和農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物處理設備的自覺性和主動性。
 
　　該中心建立示范基地，大力推廣滴水灌溉、保護性耕作、秸稈綜合利用、深松整地作業(yè)模式，加快“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+農(nóng)機化技術推廣”技術應用，為推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展發(fā)揮了示范帶動作用。
 
　　作    者：祁長春  程杰  審 稿 人：邵振奇

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