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治理白色污染：新疆大力推進農(nóng)田殘膜回收行動

2018-11-28 14:14:44 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：27220 評論

導(dǎo)讀：據(jù)悉，自農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部啟動農(nóng)膜回收行動以來，各級農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門積極響應(yīng)，認(rèn)真落實，培育壯大了地膜回收第三方主體，加大了降解地膜試驗示范和殘膜機械回收研發(fā)力度、對接了產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系，有力推動了農(nóng)膜回收工作。其中，新疆40個覆膜大縣已接近80%，建成86個廢舊地膜回收加工廠、475個廢舊農(nóng)膜回收站。

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 據(jù)悉，自農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部啟動農(nóng)膜回收行動以來，各級農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門積極響應(yīng)，認(rèn)真落實，培育壯大了地膜回收第三方主體，加大了降解地膜試驗示范和殘膜機械回收研發(fā)力度、對接了產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系，有力推動了農(nóng)膜回收工作。其中，新疆40個覆膜大縣已接近80%，建成86個廢舊地膜回收加工廠、475個廢舊農(nóng)膜回收站。
 
　　新疆兵團治理“白色污染” 科技助力殘膜回收再利用
 
　　高強度農(nóng)膜、新型殘膜回收機、殘膜秸稈高值化利用。秋收過后，這三樣“法寶”正在向新疆4000多畝農(nóng)田里的“白色污染”發(fā)起進攻。
 
　　“今年用了新地膜、新機子，一畝地有400多公斤產(chǎn)量，這個地膜一遍收過去干干凈凈的，明年還要用這個地膜。”眼下正是秸稈粉碎和殘膜回收的時候，在自家地頭，新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團第三師四十九團十連農(nóng)戶庫爾班如是說。他說，原來的機子三四遍都揀不干凈，還要人工揀地膜。“現(xiàn)在新機子一下就能揀干凈，新技術(shù)來了，我們計劃明年大面積推廣。”
 
　　新疆農(nóng)墾科學(xué)院院長劉景德表示，從西北五省一百個縣的資料看，當(dāng)年殘膜回收率為80%，與華南理工的成功合作，殘膜當(dāng)年回收率可超過98%，而且殘膜和秸稈還能高值化利用，目前用這三個辦法配套使用，將對新疆的殘膜污染治理產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。
 
　　新疆兵團于今年初印發(fā)的《兵團農(nóng)田殘膜治理三年行動攻堅計劃》提出，到2020年，當(dāng)季地膜回收率將達95%以上，耕層殘膜含量逐年減少，殘膜回收再利用和無害化處理率達到100%，回收再利用體系全面建成。

　　新疆沙灣縣殘膜回收助力農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展
 
　　今年，新疆沙灣縣大規(guī)模使用加厚地膜，并開展殘膜回收工作，為實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展打下堅實基礎(chǔ)。
 
　　連日來，在該縣金溝河鎮(zhèn)宋圣宮村農(nóng)田里，殘膜回收機來回穿梭作業(yè)，一會工夫，殘留的地膜和部分殘存的滴灌帶就被清理出來，堆放在地頭等待統(tǒng)一清運。農(nóng)機手屈波說：“一天的作業(yè)量是200多畝地，效果還可以，重點是殘膜回收了不少。”
 
　　作物收獲后如果不將殘留的地膜進行回收，會降低土壤含水量及肥力水平，影響農(nóng)作物根系的生長發(fā)育，導(dǎo)致作物減產(chǎn)。由于今年大面積使用了厚度為0.01毫米的達標(biāo)地膜，殘膜的回收率大大提高，回收的地膜經(jīng)過加工處理可以再次利用。
 
　　沙灣縣農(nóng)科金岳農(nóng)機農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)合作聯(lián)社理事長韓波說：“現(xiàn)在合作社有10臺拖拉機，帶著殘膜回收機，參與2萬畝地的農(nóng)機具殘膜回收任務(wù)。我們準(zhǔn)備建殘膜回收廠，準(zhǔn)備對殘膜進行加工再次利用，提高利用率。”
 
　　沙灣縣今年的殘膜回收項目是自治區(qū)2017—2018年作業(yè)期殘膜回收作業(yè)補助試點項目。
 
　　新疆瑪納斯縣加大農(nóng)田殘膜回收助力鄉(xiāng)村振興
 
　　近年來，瑪納斯縣堅持農(nóng)業(yè)綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展，積極開展農(nóng)田殘膜回收工作，減少農(nóng)村白色污染，實現(xiàn)綠色增收，讓農(nóng)民走上可持續(xù)發(fā)展的致富路。
 
　　這兩天，在瑪納斯縣樂土驛鎮(zhèn)樂源合作社的萬畝棉花示范田里，四臺全自動殘膜回收及秸桿還田聯(lián)合作業(yè)機，正在實施摟膜、打桿作業(yè)，合作社總經(jīng)理張學(xué)禮正忙著跟車作業(yè)回收農(nóng)田殘膜，減少土地白色污染。
 
　　瑪納斯縣樂土驛鎮(zhèn)樂源合作社總經(jīng)理張學(xué)禮告訴記者，人養(yǎng)地，地養(yǎng)人，土地白色污染必須治理，合作社今年加大力度回收殘膜，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)收了三千多畝地的地膜二十多噸。
 
　　殘膜回收離不開新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，今年，樂源合作社投資40多萬元購買了兩臺殘膜、稈分離一體機和兩臺摟膜機，新設(shè)備的應(yīng)用讓殘膜回收效率更高，白色污染明顯減少。
 
　　2018年，瑪納斯縣嚴(yán)格落實自治區(qū)地膜管理條例相關(guān)要求，通過多種形式大力宣傳推廣使用高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地膜，截止目前，瑪納斯縣農(nóng)機作業(yè)殘膜拾凈率均達80%以上，完成殘膜回收面積12.8萬畝，為廣大農(nóng)戶春季播種作業(yè)及作物根系生長奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)，項目實施效果明顯。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：中國新聞網(wǎng)、新疆經(jīng)濟報、亞心網(wǎng)，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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