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我國尚沒有批準(zhǔn)上市的非洲豬瘟商品化疫苗

———農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局負(fù)責(zé)人就非洲豬瘟疫苗相關(guān)問題答記者問
2019-09-03 09:57:07 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部新聞辦公室 閱讀量：19513 評論

導(dǎo)讀：近期，網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播所謂“非洲豬瘟中試苗、自家苗，甚至走私苗”已在國內(nèi)部分地區(qū)養(yǎng)殖場戶投入使用，引發(fā)生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)廣大從業(yè)人員高度關(guān)注。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局對此高度重視，已部署各地加強核查，嚴(yán)厲打擊違法違規(guī)行為。近日，記者就非洲豬瘟疫苗相關(guān)問題采訪了農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局負(fù)責(zé)人。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】近期，網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播所謂“非洲豬瘟中試苗、自家苗，甚至走私苗”已在國內(nèi)部分地區(qū)養(yǎng)殖場戶投入使用，引發(fā)生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)廣大從業(yè)人員高度關(guān)注。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局對此高度重視，已部署各地加強核查，嚴(yán)厲打擊違法違規(guī)行為。近日，記者就非洲豬瘟疫苗相關(guān)問題采訪了農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局負(fù)責(zé)人。
 
　　問：目前我國有批準(zhǔn)上市的非洲豬瘟商品化疫苗嗎？
 
　　答：非洲豬瘟疫苗的研制，歷來是一個世界性難題。截至目前，包括中國在內(nèi)的*各國還沒有一個批準(zhǔn)上市銷售使用的非洲豬瘟疫苗。自我國非洲豬瘟疫情發(fā)生以來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部始終積極支持、鼓勵所有合法合規(guī)的科研機構(gòu)和企業(yè)開展非洲豬瘟防控技術(shù)研究工作。從我國疫苗研發(fā)進展情況看，目前各研究單位進展不一，其中進度快的也僅處于中試工藝摸索和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量研究以及轉(zhuǎn)基因生物安全評價等階段，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部尚未批準(zhǔn)其開展臨床試驗研究。因此，目前市面上只要出現(xiàn)“非洲豬瘟中試苗、自家苗，甚至走私苗”，按照《獸藥管理條例》規(guī)定, 都是非法疫苗，均應(yīng)按假獸藥處理，請廣大養(yǎng)殖戶擦亮眼睛，謹(jǐn)防上當(dāng)受騙。
 
　　問：如使用這些非法疫苗有什么危害？
 
　　答：獸用疫苗是用于預(yù)防動物疫病的一類特殊商品，必須確保其安全、有效和質(zhì)量可控。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局始終嚴(yán)格依法依規(guī)開展獸用疫苗等新獸藥的評審和審批工作，基于一系列科學(xué)、翔實的試驗數(shù)據(jù)開展評審評價，符合“安全、有效和質(zhì)量可控”要求的新獸藥方可批準(zhǔn)上市銷售。所謂“非洲豬瘟中試苗、自家苗，甚至走私苗”，既缺乏系統(tǒng)的試驗研究，更沒有通過科學(xué)、客觀、嚴(yán)格的評審評價，其安全性和有效性都無法保證，特別是活疫苗，更是可能存在不可預(yù)知的生物安全風(fēng)險。養(yǎng)殖場(戶)如使用這樣的疫苗對生豬進行免疫，不僅可能達不到預(yù)期的免疫預(yù)防效果，更有可能因非法免疫接種導(dǎo)致豬群感染并引發(fā)疫病傳播。
 
　　此外，從制苗毒株與我國流行毒株的匹配性看，我國的非洲豬瘟流行毒株屬于基因II型，盲目引進國外基因I型疫苗毒對我國生豬進行免疫接種，勢必導(dǎo)致我國非洲豬瘟病毒流行狀況更趨復(fù)雜。
 
　　當(dāng)前正值非洲豬瘟防控關(guān)鍵時期，養(yǎng)殖場(戶)如聽信謠言，指望用非法疫苗保護豬群健康，進而放松自身生物安全防護措施，勢必使自身陷入“賠了夫人又折兵”的境地，并嚴(yán)重干擾非洲豬瘟防控大局。
 
　　問：對生產(chǎn)、銷售、使用“非洲豬瘟中試苗、自家苗、走私苗”等違法行為，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將采取哪些措施？
 
　　答：根據(jù)《獸藥管理條例》規(guī)定, 生產(chǎn)、銷售、使用“非洲豬瘟中試苗、自家苗、走私苗”是嚴(yán)重的違法行為，必須予以嚴(yán)厲打擊。今年年初，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部已下發(fā)文件，要求各地切實加強獸用疫苗監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)厲打擊非法制售使用“自家苗”等非法獸用疫苗。對違法違規(guī)行為，一經(jīng)查實，各地要按照《獸藥管理條例》、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部第97號公告有關(guān)規(guī)定，堅決從嚴(yán)從重從快懲處。其中，對持有獸藥生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營許可證的獸藥生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營者，依法頂格處罰，吊銷獸藥生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營許可證，生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營企業(yè)的主要負(fù)責(zé)人終身不得從事獸藥生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動；對無獸藥生產(chǎn)許可證生產(chǎn)非法疫苗的，徹底搗毀“黑窩點”，依法頂格處罰，沒收生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和違法所得；對獸藥使用單位違反國家有關(guān)獸藥安全使用規(guī)定，明知是假疫苗或者應(yīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)審查批準(zhǔn)而未經(jīng)審查批準(zhǔn)即生產(chǎn)進口的疫苗，仍非法使用的，依法予以頂格處罰。同時要求加強行政執(zhí)法與刑事司法銜接，畜牧獸醫(yī)主管部門在查處中發(fā)現(xiàn)相關(guān)違法行為涉嫌犯罪的，要及時移送公安機關(guān)。對用非法疫苗免疫的豬只經(jīng)檢測為陽性的，視為非洲豬瘟感染豬，應(yīng)予撲殺。
 
　　在這里，我把農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部獸藥打假舉報電話和電子郵箱向大家公布一下：010-59192829，youxiang5919@163.com。對發(fā)現(xiàn)的非法疫苗以及其他獸藥相關(guān)線索，歡迎社會各界特別是養(yǎng)殖者及時舉報并盡量提供可核查的線索，我們將切實做好舉報核查工作，對相關(guān)違法行為，一經(jīng)查實，嚴(yán)肅處理。
 
　　后我再強調(diào)兩點。一是對除疫苗外的其他非洲豬瘟防治藥物研發(fā)，也要嚴(yán)格遵守相關(guān)法律法規(guī)，未經(jīng)有關(guān)部門批準(zhǔn)，任何單位和個人不得以復(fù)養(yǎng)、試用、臨床試驗等任何名義，組織生產(chǎn)銷售使用未經(jīng)注冊、無生產(chǎn)許可證、無批準(zhǔn)文號的獸藥產(chǎn)品。使用未經(jīng)審批的獸藥產(chǎn)品，不僅控制不了非洲豬瘟疫情，反而會造成病毒擴散，擴大病毒污染面，進而干擾非洲豬瘟防控工作。二是能否做好非洲豬瘟防控工作取決于各項綜合防控措施的有效落實，絕不能指望單靠疫苗免疫包打天下，特別是在非洲豬瘟疫苗尚未推出的情況下，防控關(guān)鍵仍在于切實提高養(yǎng)殖場戶的生物安全防護水平。希望大家一定要轉(zhuǎn)變思想觀念，一心一意做好生物安全防護工作，切實落實防控責(zé)任，提高自主防疫意識。

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