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透過2020視環(huán)會在線會議 聚焦“十四五”期間VOCs排放與治理
—————記葉代啟直播演講
2020-05-07
18:09:12
來源:環(huán)保在線 閱讀量:15622
評論
導讀:5月6日,圍繞“強化科技支撐力,共探廢氣治理新路徑”為主題的2020視環(huán)會同期在線會議順利完成直播。期間,華南理工大學環(huán)境與能源學院院長、揮發(fā)性有機物污染治理技術與裝備國家工程實驗室負責人葉代啟以“‘十四五’揮發(fā)性有機物排放與治理前瞻”為題,進行了一場精彩直播演講。
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農機網 熱點關注】導讀:5月6日,圍繞“強化科技支撐力,共探廢氣治理新路徑”為主題的2020視環(huán)會同期在線會議順利完成直播。期間,華南理工大學環(huán)境與能源學院院長、揮發(fā)性有機物污染治理技術與裝備國家工程實驗室負責人葉代啟以“‘十四五’揮發(fā)性有機物排放與治理前瞻”為題,進行了一場精彩直播演講。
掃描圖中二維碼 回顧此次在線會議精彩直播
這是由環(huán)保在線、華南理工大學華南理工大學環(huán)境與能源學院院長、揮發(fā)性有機物污染治理技術與裝備國家工程實驗室負責人葉代啟、航天凱天環(huán)保科技股份有限公司高級工程師何曦博士、海灣環(huán)境科技(北京)股份有限公司VOC主管劉國強、上海風和能源科技有限公司總經理劉勇、上海蘭寶環(huán)??萍加邢薰?技術總監(jiān))李文方、北京雪迪龍科技股份有限公司污染源事業(yè)部技術支持工程師凌洪潔共同搭建的一個VOCs治理技術交流窗口。
本文將帶你一起回顧葉代啟院長關于“‘十四五’揮發(fā)性有機物排放與治理前瞻”直播演講中的精彩內容。(以下根據葉代啟直播內容整理,未經本人審閱)
未來5年內,VOCs治理行至哪一步?
2020年,打贏藍天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)三年行動計劃收官之年。
隨著末端治理減排潛力逐漸收窄,大氣污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)該怎么繼續(xù)打?“在‘十三五’后期及‘十四五’時期,大氣污染治理將從PM2.5防治為主逐步轉變?yōu)镻M2.5與臭氧協同控制。”葉院長開宗明義道。
要轉變發(fā)展方式,著力攻克VOCs治理難題。VOCs治理包括源頭減量、中間控制和末端治理。葉院長強調,要建立健全以改善環(huán)境質量為核心的VOCs污染防治管理體系,排放總量下降25%以上。協同控制氮氧化物排放,實施差異化、精細化、動態(tài)化治理,推動環(huán)境空氣質量持續(xù)改善,才能挖掘更多減排潛力。
這樣的論斷,源于通過葉院長梳理2019年337個城市的大氣污染物濃度變化數據發(fā)現,監(jiān)管藍天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)已挺進攻堅克難節(jié)點,但臭氧仍呈現出抬頭趨勢。
VOCs治理可謂“起了個大早、趕了個晚集”。2010年,葉院長將之認定為VOCs污染防治工作起點。在此之后,VOCs頻頻亮相于大氣污染防治頂層設計:2012年強化全面開展重點區(qū)域NMVOCs控制;2013年,《大氣污染行動計劃》則明確推進VOCs污染治理。
《“十三五”規(guī)劃綱要》《重點行業(yè)揮發(fā)性有機物削減行動計劃》《“十三五”生態(tài)環(huán)境保護規(guī)劃》《2019全國大氣污染防治工作要點》《重點行業(yè)揮發(fā)性有機物綜合治理方案》均明確加快推進VOCs綜合治理,尤其在京津冀、長三角、珠三角區(qū)域則進一步細化了治理重點目標。迄今,我國已基本形成由法律法規(guī)、政策規(guī)劃及標準規(guī)范構成的VOCs污染防治管理體系。
多重困境下尋找破局新法
但事實上,VOCs治理面臨的難題還不僅于此。強度大、濃度高及污染物種類繁多,這是業(yè)界對于VOCs排放的普遍看法。尤其在非正常工況排放情況下,源于石化、化工、工業(yè)涂裝、包裝印刷、油品儲運銷等多個領域VOCs還具備無規(guī)則、波動性大的特點。
VOCs污染物的來源主要有工業(yè)固定排放源、機動車尾氣排放源和日常生活排放源等3大方面。工業(yè)固定源作為主要排放源,約占總排放量的50—55%。而不同行業(yè)VOCs排放的環(huán)境、排放物質特征及治理技術都不盡相同。2016年新修訂的《大氣污染防治法》*將VOCs納入監(jiān)管范圍。從“十二五”時期開始,我國就將VOCs列入重點管控的污染物。
但相關法規(guī)2015年才推出,滯后于治理需求。從地方層面來看,缺乏地方性立法規(guī)范,導致部分地區(qū)在執(zhí)法過程中往往不能得心應手。此外在環(huán)保稅的征收范圍,目前僅苯、甲苯、甲醛、酚類等部分VOCs被列入征稅范圍。由于空氣環(huán)境的特殊性,目前在大氣污染防治領域啟用的環(huán)境經濟政策數量較少,如排污權交易,綠色信貸目前較多的仍處于試點階段,而應用在VOCs防治領域的政策更加稀缺。
目前空氣質量標準對于管控VOCs特征物種少、管控力度小且對于光化學活性強的VOCs未納入管控范圍。部分行業(yè)排放標準尚未出臺,物種活性未納入標準體系,控制思路仍以“有組織排放限值”為主,“無組織排放控制要求”以措施性要求為主,部分要求實際執(zhí)法過程中難以判定。
也正基于此,葉院長建議就“十四五”時期VOCs治理而言,將著重圍繞健全管理體系、深化綜合治理、實施總量控制三大任務。因為,不管技術路徑、應用模式怎樣變,VOCs治理為達到各方面內外均衡的同步優(yōu)化,除了宏觀政策強化外,治理思路方式也需及時聚焦行業(yè)變革,從而激發(fā)VOCs治理的新動能。
關于此次在線會議上更多演講嘉賓帶來的精彩直播內容,請鎖定環(huán)保在線后續(xù)報道。
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