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黑龍江抗災搶收倒伏玉米取得階段性進展

2020-10-20 08:50:37 來源：黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳農(nóng)機處 閱讀量：23471 評論

導讀： 8月下旬，黑龍江省連續(xù)遭遇三次強臺風侵襲，部分縣(市)局地農(nóng)作物出現(xiàn)倒伏和內(nèi)澇災害。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】 8月下旬，黑龍江省連續(xù)遭遇三次強臺風侵襲，部分縣(市)局地農(nóng)作物出現(xiàn)倒伏和內(nèi)澇災害。省委、省政府及時召開專題會議部署安排，提出明確要求。省委書記張慶偉、省長王文濤深入到受災市縣進行實地調(diào)研，指導抗災自救。省委常委、副省長王永康一直堅持全面調(diào)度指揮。9月17日，省長王文濤主持召開了全省農(nóng)業(yè)救災工作會議，要求全省上下“搶”字當頭，迅速行動，盡快把豐收的果實收回來。各級政府切實負起秋收生產(chǎn)的主體責任，各級農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門發(fā)揮牽頭抓總作用，及時組織專家研判會商，制定下發(fā)秋收生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導意見，把秋收生產(chǎn)各項工作任務層層分解，落實到鄉(xiāng)村，落實到人頭，落實到地塊。10月8日，該省又召開了全省秋收生產(chǎn)視頻調(diào)度會議，全面落實黑龍江省委、省政府關于秋收生產(chǎn)工作的安排部署，誓奪秋收生產(chǎn)工作全面勝利。主要采取了以下措施。
 
　　一是全力搶排田間積水。組織各地采取一切措施，排干田間水，排空溝渠水，空出土壤水，讓田間盡快處于干燥狀態(tài)。特別是認真研判，先排江河水、溝渠水，緩放水庫水。防止三水疊加，造成內(nèi)澇。目前，全省已搶排田間積水2100多萬畝，其中水泵強排930萬畝。
 
　　二是改進改裝收獲機。黑龍江省及時印發(fā)了《倒伏玉米機械化收獲減損技術(shù)指導意見》，指導各地開展搶收。為提高倒伏玉米的撿拾率，減少收獲損失，各地農(nóng)機部門組織農(nóng)民對玉米收獲機進行改裝，主要采取了加長扶禾裝置、加裝強制喂入裝置、改裝內(nèi)部功能結(jié)構(gòu)三種改進方式，提高收獲倒伏玉米能力，目前，全省已完成改裝各種收獲機械22324臺。秋季，全省新購置各類收獲機械8887臺，共投入120多萬臺(套)農(nóng)機具，進行抗災搶收、搶翻工作。已完成倒伏玉米機收面積326.7萬畝，水稻113.6萬畝。
 
　　三是適時早收搶收。根據(jù)天氣情況、品種特性，合理安排收獲順序適時搶收，先收倒伏作物后收正常作物，先收成熟作物后收晚熟作物，先收經(jīng)濟作物后收糧食作物，先收種子田后收大田，先收崗川地后收低洼地。機收過后，一定要組織人力，加強撿拾，減少田間收獲損失。9月15日，全省開始收獲，據(jù)農(nóng)情調(diào)度，截至10月9日，全省農(nóng)作物已收7030.1萬畝。
 
　　四是加強政策支持。針對倒伏玉米收獲困難，全省將四行以下玉米收獲機納入農(nóng)機補貼范圍。同時，省財政已下?lián)苜Y金1.7億元，對受災地區(qū)玉米和水稻收獲機械改裝予以全額補助。其中，對改裝的玉米收獲機械，按照加裝扶禾裝置或強制喂入裝置兩種類型，分別給予每臺1800元和每臺12500元補助；對改裝的水稻收獲機械，按照加裝扶禾裝置和防倒伏彈齒兩種類型，分別給予每臺1450元和每臺6400元補助。全力支持受災地區(qū)抗災減災，努力將災害損失降到低。
 
　　五是指導農(nóng)民科學管糧。倒伏玉米收獲后，抓好收獲降水，加強人工撿拾，減少收獲損失。指導組織農(nóng)民采取“碼垛子”、“上棧子”、“搭樓子”等辦法，離地存儲、自然脫水，確保管好糧、不壞糧。無論是玉米、水稻還是大豆，儲存時，一定要進行清選，剔除霉變粒，確保糧食品質(zhì)。
 
　　六是深入指導服務。臺風侵襲以來，省市縣鄉(xiāng)四級農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門成立1000多個專家指導組，深入田間地頭，指導農(nóng)民抗災。省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳組織10個工作指導組一直堅持在一線，幫助農(nóng)民出主意、想辦法，與農(nóng)民一起進行抗災自救。9月25日，全省在海倫市組織召開了秋收秋整地現(xiàn)場演示會，推進倒伏玉米收獲和“三秋”作業(yè)。9月27日，省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳陸續(xù)下發(fā)了《關于開展抗災搶豐收下沉指導工作的通知》《關于2020年全省秋季農(nóng)機化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的指導意見》《關于加快推進當前秋季農(nóng)業(yè)重點工作的通知》，指導秋季農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。在“十一”期間，又組成了9個“抗災奪豐收下沉指導工作組”，深入全省各地一線，開展調(diào)查和提供技術(shù)指導服務，統(tǒng)籌落實好“三秋”各項工作。10月8日，召開了全省秋收生產(chǎn)視頻調(diào)度會議，全面落實黑龍江省委、省政府關于秋收生產(chǎn)工作的安排部署，誓奪秋收生產(chǎn)工作全面勝利。

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