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安徽淮南市生產(chǎn)托管加快現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展步伐

2020-12-21 09:49:16 來源:淮南市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局 閱讀量:21529 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀:近年來,安徽省淮南市緊緊圍繞鄉(xiāng)村振興目標(biāo),持續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式創(chuàng)新,發(fā)揮農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織“統(tǒng)”的功能,引導(dǎo)分散農(nóng)戶接受農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)組織提供的統(tǒng)一生產(chǎn)托管服務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)小農(nóng)戶和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的有機(jī)銜接,有力促進(jìn)了農(nóng)業(yè)增效、農(nóng)民增收、集體增益,走出了一條符合淮南實(shí)際的農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展之路。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 近年來,安徽省淮南市緊緊圍繞鄉(xiāng)村振興目標(biāo),持續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式創(chuàng)新,發(fā)揮農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織“統(tǒng)”的功能,引導(dǎo)分散農(nóng)戶接受農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)組織提供的統(tǒng)一生產(chǎn)托管服務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)小農(nóng)戶和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的有機(jī)銜接,有力促進(jìn)了農(nóng)業(yè)增效、農(nóng)民增收、集體增益,走出了一條符合淮南實(shí)際的農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展之路。
 
  從“土地流轉(zhuǎn)”到“生產(chǎn)托管”
 
  隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展,適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營成為發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的必由之路。過去,主要通過土地流轉(zhuǎn)推動(dòng)統(tǒng)一生產(chǎn),種植大戶與農(nóng)戶簽訂合同或者協(xié)議,實(shí)現(xiàn)土地經(jīng)營權(quán)有償流轉(zhuǎn)。近幾年,流轉(zhuǎn)大戶大幅減少。經(jīng)初步統(tǒng)計(jì),目前淮南市基本沒有流轉(zhuǎn)5000畝以上的種植大戶,1000畝以上的也較三年前減少了50%。
 
  相比風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移更集中、成本更高的土地流轉(zhuǎn),農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)服務(wù)組織和農(nóng)民通過生產(chǎn)托管建立的服務(wù)關(guān)系更加緊密,合作機(jī)制和經(jīng)營體制更加靈活。從2010年起,淮南市開始探索農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管工作。初在鳳臺(tái)縣楊村鎮(zhèn)店集村開展試點(diǎn),主要是通過推進(jìn)土地托管和農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化,為小農(nóng)戶提供“五統(tǒng)一”服務(wù)。2013年,國家大力扶持農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù),淮南市又進(jìn)一步提出了“六統(tǒng)一”“八統(tǒng)一”,加快向農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)變。近年來,在農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部及安徽省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳的指導(dǎo)下,淮南市迅速把思路轉(zhuǎn)變到“不改變土地承包權(quán)經(jīng)營權(quán)的生產(chǎn)托管”上來,把村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織作為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管工作主體。
 
  村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織一手接收農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)委托,一手聯(lián)系農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)服務(wù)組織,讓農(nóng)民省心省力省錢。2019年,在鳳臺(tái)縣有20個(gè)村參與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式,托管面積近5萬畝。今年,淮南市進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管實(shí)施范圍,目前已經(jīng)有壽縣、鳳臺(tái)縣、田家庵區(qū)、潘集區(qū)72個(gè)村的農(nóng)戶與村集體簽訂了委托生產(chǎn)協(xié)議,生產(chǎn)托管服務(wù)面積近12萬畝。
 
  從逐步推進(jìn)到全面展開
 
  十年的發(fā)展歷程,淮南市農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式呈現(xiàn)出三大特點(diǎn)。
 
  生產(chǎn)成本明顯降低。農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式提升了組織、生產(chǎn)、銷售等各環(huán)節(jié)的效率,有效降低了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本。以稻麥輪作為例,每畝地增加收益約470元。
 
  規(guī)模經(jīng)營迅速發(fā)展。通過先進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械設(shè)備的使用,不斷擴(kuò)大服務(wù)面積,延伸服務(wù)鏈條,實(shí)現(xiàn)“種、收、烘、售”全產(chǎn)業(yè)托管。農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管的面積從10萬畝(單季)發(fā)展到320萬畝(單季),服務(wù)組織從100多家發(fā)展到近3000家,服務(wù)環(huán)節(jié)從“五統(tǒng)一”發(fā)展到全程的“十二統(tǒng)一”,服務(wù)對(duì)象從原來的以市內(nèi)為主甚至拓展到*以外。
 
  農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力加快釋放。托管模式使得外出打工農(nóng)民不用再牽掛地里糧食,農(nóng)忙季節(jié)也不用回來幫助種收,增加了農(nóng)民打工收入,把更多農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力從土地中解放出來。
 
  從試點(diǎn)探索到穩(wěn)步提升
 
  淮南市以農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管為,抓土地、做服務(wù)、帶小農(nóng)。促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程現(xiàn)代化,就是為了堅(jiān)持和完善農(nóng)村家庭承包經(jīng)營制度,通過農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)模式創(chuàng)新,改變農(nóng)民“面朝黃土背朝天”的面貌。為此,進(jìn)一步完善農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式顯得尤為重要。
 
  強(qiáng)化主導(dǎo)地位,加大統(tǒng)籌力度。以生產(chǎn)托管為抓手,整合農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村各類扶持項(xiàng)目資金,如深松深耕、稻谷補(bǔ)助、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)等,推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)統(tǒng)一經(jīng)營。
 
  簡化補(bǔ)貼程序,推動(dòng)權(quán)力下放。把握規(guī)模經(jīng)營主方向,堅(jiān)持質(zhì)量提升總要求,加強(qiáng)分類指導(dǎo),賦予縣區(qū)更大主導(dǎo)權(quán),因地制宜推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管項(xiàng)目落細(xì)落實(shí)。
 
  堅(jiān)持帶動(dòng),促進(jìn)資源整合。牢牢抓住村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織這個(gè),吸引農(nóng)資生產(chǎn)商、銀行保險(xiǎn)、加工企業(yè)、服務(wù)合作社,推動(dòng)各類生產(chǎn)要素高度聚集和有效配置。
 
  加強(qiáng)試點(diǎn)示范,推廣典型經(jīng)驗(yàn)。深入開展調(diào)研,總結(jié)試點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),宣傳典型案例,加大對(duì)統(tǒng)一生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營試點(diǎn)的推廣力度,逐步拓展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)托管模式覆蓋面。
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