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【新疆棉花大豐收】白色“花?！毖葑嘭S收樂章，國產(chǎn)采棉機蒸蒸日上

2021-10-15 17:02:16 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量：44305 評論

導讀： 作為新疆農(nóng)業(yè)的一張名片，新疆的棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)在近些年取得了長足的發(fā)展，同時也在今年受到了社會各界人士的關注。當前正處金秋十月豐收季，“萬眾矚目”的新疆棉花也進入了忙碌的采收期。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】 作為新疆農(nóng)業(yè)的一張名片，新疆的棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)在近些年取得了長足的發(fā)展，同時也在今年受到了社會各界人士的關注。當前正處金秋十月豐收季，“萬眾矚目”的新疆棉花也進入了忙碌的采收期。
 
　　為什么說棉花是新疆的一張名片？據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，2020年新疆全區(qū)棉花總產(chǎn)量516.1萬噸，占全國棉花總產(chǎn)量87.3%，新疆棉花面積、單產(chǎn)、總產(chǎn)、商品量、調(diào)出量連續(xù)27年居全國首位，中國棉花看新疆的格局已經(jīng)形成。
 
　　棉花生產(chǎn)機械化方面，“十三五”以來，新疆全區(qū)棉花機械化采收面積以年均超百萬畝的速度快速增長。2020年，全區(qū)棉花機耕、機播環(huán)節(jié)基本實現(xiàn)全程機械化，棉花機采率達到75.5%(含兵團)，采棉機總數(shù)超5800臺，棉花生產(chǎn)呈現(xiàn)規(guī)模化種植比例增加、種植成本降低、集約化水平提升的發(fā)展態(tài)勢。
 
　　2021年，新疆棉花在提升質(zhì)量的同時，持續(xù)加大機采棉推廣力度。根據(jù)“十三五”新疆“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展成效及“十四五”開局情況新聞發(fā)布會上的數(shù)據(jù)，2021年，新疆棉花種植面積預計達3718萬畝，總產(chǎn)達520.06萬噸。新疆棉花生產(chǎn)在種植面積減少34.9萬畝的情況下，實現(xiàn)總產(chǎn)增加3.96萬噸，質(zhì)量和效益不斷提升，棉花生產(chǎn)再獲豐收。預計今年新疆全區(qū)機采率可達到80%以上。
 
　　相比過去的人工采摘，采棉機的廣泛應用是新疆棉花生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)代化的標志之一。采棉機1小時作業(yè)面積可達20多畝，相當于500位技術熟練的采棉工同等時間手工采摘的作業(yè)量。更為關鍵的是，機械采棉一畝地可為農(nóng)民降低500元左右的費用。
 
　　在棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)蒸蒸日上的同時，國產(chǎn)采棉機也取得了突破。采棉機核心部件摘錠成功研制后，國產(chǎn)采棉機加快了搶占市場的速度，打破了進口機具壟斷市場的局面。2020年我國采棉機銷量份額中，國產(chǎn)品牌市場占比達到62.29%，外資品牌市場占比37.71%，國產(chǎn)品牌采棉機銷量已遠超外資品牌。
 
　　下面為大家介紹幾款常見的國產(chǎn)品牌采棉機：
 
　　星光農(nóng)機4MZ-3棉花收獲機
 
　　1、適應在高產(chǎn)棉田和大、中、小棉田等各種棉花地塊進行棉花收獲作業(yè)，機動性、靈活性強；
 
　　2、配備額定功率180馬力的康明斯發(fā)動力；
 
　　3、擁有可配備16管、12管的采棉頭；
 
　　4、強大的風機可確保機器在高產(chǎn)棉田中作業(yè)能達到理想的采摘速度，提高采收效率；
 
　　5、配備自動換檔的變速箱，無極變速，操作簡便、舒適，對產(chǎn)量不一的棉田在速度掌控方面更為便捷；
 
　　6、自主研發(fā)的摘錠對棉纖維的破損極小，效果近乎手采。
 
　　東風4MZ-6自走式采棉機
 
　　1、渦輪增加發(fā)動機動力強勁，匹配合理，可靠性高，全球聯(lián)保；
 
　　2、液壓無極變速行走系統(tǒng)配合電控系統(tǒng)，操控便捷舒適；
 
　　3、采棉頭采用液壓電控泵和定量馬達，電控液壓泵控制精準；液壓定量馬達動力穩(wěn)定，保證采頭輸入效率穩(wěn)定；
 
　　4、可升降大容量棉箱，有效減少卸棉次數(shù)，作業(yè)效率高；
 
　　5、清洗液水箱和燃油箱體積大，工作時間長；
 
　　6、液壓離合雙風機，風力強勁，不易堵塞；
 
　　7、自動旋轉(zhuǎn)除雜，大幅降低人工除雜頻次，作業(yè)效率高。
 
　　缽施然4MZ-3A(7319)自走式棉花收獲機
 
　　該機是新疆缽施然自主研發(fā)生產(chǎn)，結合多年的技術積累，現(xiàn)已成為性能、質(zhì)量可靠的三行棉花收獲機。一次可完成對棉花的采摘、輸送、集箱作業(yè)。其操作簡單，維護方便，采凈率高，適合中小地塊棉花收獲使用。
 
　　1、大功率渦輪增壓發(fā)動機，動力強勁，游刃有余；
 
　　2、先進的電控全自動變速箱，擋位切換一鍵搞定，準確可靠；
 
　　3、全電控操作，跟擋位線、無級變速線、油門線說再見；
 
　　4、大容量雙層棉箱，減少往返卸棉時間，采棉時間更長，提升工作效率；
 
　　5、采摘頭、風機、行走均采用液壓馬達動力傳輸，性能更可靠，運轉(zhuǎn)更平穩(wěn)，操作更簡單；
 
　　6、大空間，大視角的豪華駕駛室，環(huán)境清潔舒爽，緩解作業(yè)疲勞；
 
　　7、采用垂直式風機送風，風力更強勁，采摘速度快，棉花堵塞幾率低；
 
　　8、發(fā)動機艙升溫式水路設計，提高水路抗結冰能力；
 
　　9、整體焊接后橋，增大增寬低壓后輪，采棉狀態(tài)穩(wěn)定，作業(yè)質(zhì)量優(yōu)異。
 
　　10、4MZ-3B配備的高速采頭，提升了采凈率和效率。
 
　　鐵建重工4MZ-6型高端智能采棉機
 
　　1、采用國際知名品牌康明斯大馬力發(fā)動機，額定功率400馬力以上，比同類機型高10%左右，功率儲備大，動力強勁；
 
　　2、采用了自主研發(fā)設計的新型采棉裝置和智能采摘控制系統(tǒng)，具有采摘效果好、落地棉少、安裝調(diào)整精準、方便、快捷高效等優(yōu)勢；
 
　　3、采用自行設計兩驅(qū)四驅(qū)可轉(zhuǎn)換液壓驅(qū)動行走傳動及轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，配置德國、意大利品牌分動箱、橋箱，工作平穩(wěn)可靠，有效提高整車操作操控性和不良地面情況的通過性，極大提高整車功效；
 
　　4、配備大功率雙風機，風力強勁，輸送效果好，排雜能力強；
 
　　5、自行研發(fā)設計的高端駕駛室、綜控臺和良好的中文顯示屏、人機工作界面，操作更加舒適方便，電液雙控負載敏感型轉(zhuǎn)向液壓系統(tǒng)，可對整機實現(xiàn)精準可靠的各項作業(yè)控制 ，倒車影像系統(tǒng)方便駕駛?cè)藛T更好的觀察路況確保安全駕駛；
 
　　6、整車安全方面，采用了壓力和溫度檢測報警傳感器，研發(fā)了自帶水箱的一鍵卸棉智能高效噴淋滅火系統(tǒng)，可在第一時間啟動消防作業(yè)功能，預防、減少、消除火災損失。同時設計安裝了駕駛室絕緣保護、整車防觸電近電報警裝置，可有效防止觸電安全事故的發(fā)生；
 
　　7、整車智能化、信息化水平高，自主研發(fā)的整車檢測控制系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)智能控制、自動檢測、故障自診斷、危險報警等諸多功能。具有北斗、GPS衛(wèi)星導航、自動駕駛、信息傳輸?shù)戎悄苄畔⒒脚_，可實現(xiàn)無人駕駛、自動測產(chǎn)等功能。專家系統(tǒng)可根據(jù)地塊情況為作業(yè)人員提供更佳作業(yè)性能和參數(shù)匹配，提高采收效果和作業(yè)效率。
 
　　部分資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、新疆日報

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