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推進鄉(xiāng)村全面振興：數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)人才隊伍建設(shè)迫在眉睫

2022-10-06 09:00:57 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：25247 評論

導(dǎo)讀：近年來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同有關(guān)部門多措并舉提升農(nóng)民數(shù)字素養(yǎng)和技能水平。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】當(dāng)前，在數(shù)字經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展背景下，“數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)”應(yīng)運而生。近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部公布了關(guān)于十三屆人大五次會議第7297號建議答復(fù)，其中關(guān)于壯大數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)隊伍這一要點，回復(fù)稱：近年來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同有關(guān)部門多措并舉提升農(nóng)民數(shù)字素養(yǎng)和技能水平。
 

　　一是加強高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育。組織實施高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育計劃，面向種養(yǎng)大戶、家庭農(nóng)場經(jīng)營者、農(nóng)民合作社帶頭人和返鄉(xiāng)入鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)人員等重點群體開展包括數(shù)字信息技術(shù)在內(nèi)的全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈培訓(xùn)。2021年中央財政支持高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育23億元，培育高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民71.7萬人。以院校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工和退役軍人等返鄉(xiāng)入鄉(xiāng)群體為重點，加強創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新群體信息化技術(shù)技能培訓(xùn)，培養(yǎng)農(nóng)村創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)者3.3萬人。
 
　　二是開展農(nóng)村實用人才培訓(xùn)。依托農(nóng)村實用人才培訓(xùn)基地，會同中組部聯(lián)合舉辦農(nóng)村實用人才帶頭人培訓(xùn)。2017年以來，累計培訓(xùn)11.2萬余人，為農(nóng)村培養(yǎng)了一大批留得住、用得上、干得好的帶頭人。自2018年起每年舉辦電子商務(wù)專題培訓(xùn)班，至今累計舉辦20期，培訓(xùn)學(xué)員2000余人。
 
　　三是啟動實施“神農(nóng)英才”計劃。2022年起，啟動實施“神農(nóng)英才”計劃，按照“精準(zhǔn)培育、重點支持、突破瓶頸、引領(lǐng)發(fā)展”的總體思路，圍繞智慧農(nóng)業(yè)等關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，聚焦“高精尖缺”，每年組織遴選支持一批神農(nóng)領(lǐng)軍英才和神農(nóng)青年英才進行培養(yǎng)和支持。
 
　　四是加強農(nóng)民教育培訓(xùn)體系建設(shè)。各地統(tǒng)籌利用農(nóng)廣校、涉農(nóng)高校、職業(yè)院校、農(nóng)業(yè)科研院所、農(nóng)技推廣機構(gòu)等教育培訓(xùn)資源和農(nóng)民合作社、農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)等市場主體，共同參與高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育。2021年，全國共有523家農(nóng)技推廣服務(wù)機構(gòu)、150家涉農(nóng)職業(yè)院校參與高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育工作。
 
　　五是加大高校數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)力度。教育部2020、2021年度布局新建涉農(nóng)本科專業(yè)布點135個，包括農(nóng)業(yè)智能裝備工程專業(yè)8個、智慧農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)28個。鼓勵支持涉農(nóng)高校開設(shè)人工智能等領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)，加快學(xué)科交叉融合，其中，支持東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)設(shè)置智慧農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)，加快培育數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)專業(yè)人才。加強數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)專業(yè)建設(shè)力度，目前已認(rèn)定35個農(nóng)業(yè)工程類國家級一流本科專業(yè)建設(shè)點，其中支持東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)開展農(nóng)業(yè)機械化及其自動化國家級一流本科專業(yè)點建設(shè)。
 
　　那么，數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)前景如何？
 
　　近年來，大數(shù)據(jù)、人工智能、區(qū)塊鏈、云計算、5G等新一代信息技術(shù)的加速創(chuàng)新，推動了以數(shù)字經(jīng)濟為發(fā)展趨勢的變革浪潮，數(shù)字經(jīng)濟成為繼農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟、工業(yè)經(jīng)濟后的現(xiàn)代社會主要經(jīng)濟形態(tài)。
 
　　人力資源和社會保障部近日向社會公示了新修訂的《中華人民共和國職業(yè)分類大典》。新版大典的一個亮點，就是首次標(biāo)注了數(shù)字職業(yè)，數(shù)量高達97個。
 
　　數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)是將數(shù)字化信息作為農(nóng)業(yè)新的生產(chǎn)要素，用數(shù)字信息技術(shù)對農(nóng)業(yè)對象、環(huán)境和全過程進行可視化表達、數(shù)字化設(shè)計、信息化管理的新興農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展形態(tài)，是數(shù)字經(jīng)濟范疇下用數(shù)字化重組方式對傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)進行變革和升級的典型應(yīng)用之一。
 
　　據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、中央網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和信息化委員會辦公室印發(fā)的《數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展規(guī)劃(2019—2025年)》明確指出，當(dāng)前及“十四五”時期是推進農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村數(shù)字化的重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期，必須順應(yīng)時代趨勢、把握發(fā)展機遇，加快數(shù)字技術(shù)推廣應(yīng)用，大力提升數(shù)字化生產(chǎn)力，搶占數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村制高點，推動農(nóng)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展和鄉(xiāng)村全面振興，讓廣大農(nóng)民共享數(shù)字經(jīng)濟發(fā)展紅利。
 
　　數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)是一個集合概念，它主要包含農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(InternetofThings)、農(nóng)業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)(BigData)、精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)(PrecisionFarming)、智慧農(nóng)業(yè)(SmartAgriculture)4個主要部分。農(nóng)業(yè)集中化、規(guī)?；?、專業(yè)化的發(fā)展，對數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)的需求也不斷加深。數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)的高效專業(yè)特色逐漸顯現(xiàn)，因此數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)在社會上的就業(yè)前景十分看好，但與之適配的人才卻一直有很大缺口。
 
　　隨著我國全面推進數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)、精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐、智慧農(nóng)業(yè)探索，急需大量智慧農(nóng)業(yè)方面的專業(yè)人才。傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)科結(jié)構(gòu)相對單一，學(xué)科交叉融合不夠，已逐漸不能滿足現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展需求。
 
　　下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將會同相關(guān)部門繼續(xù)加大數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)人才隊伍建設(shè)，實施好各項培訓(xùn)計劃，促進人才規(guī)模、質(zhì)量、結(jié)構(gòu)與農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村信息化發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)相協(xié)調(diào)，為全面推進鄉(xiāng)村振興、加快農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化提供人才支撐。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(m.tmpdc.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、光明日報。
 

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