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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部：在基本農(nóng)田修建機(jī)耕路允許硬底化

2023-08-25 09:34:14 來(lái)源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部 閱讀量：16641 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：田間道路是重要的農(nóng)田基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，對(duì)提高農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化率、推廣現(xiàn)代化的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)方式等具有重要作用。

　　對(duì)十四屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議第1026號(hào)建議的答復(fù)
 
　　韋慶蘭等5名代表：
 
　　你們提出的關(guān)于在基本農(nóng)田修建機(jī)耕路允許硬底化的建議收悉。現(xiàn)答復(fù)如下：
 
　　田間道路是重要的農(nóng)田基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，對(duì)提高農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化率、推廣現(xiàn)代化的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)方式等具有重要作用。一般所稱田間道路是指田間道(機(jī)耕路)、生產(chǎn)路。我部主要依托高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)項(xiàng)目開(kāi)展田間道路等田間基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。有關(guān)政策、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已對(duì)田間道(機(jī)耕路)、生產(chǎn)路的規(guī)劃建設(shè)作出明確規(guī)定。2021年國(guó)務(wù)院批復(fù)實(shí)施的《全國(guó)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)規(guī)劃(2021—2030年)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《規(guī)劃》)，明確了田間道路布設(shè)應(yīng)按照區(qū)域生產(chǎn)作業(yè)需要和農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化要求，因地制宜確定道路密度、寬度等要求。其中，機(jī)耕路寬宜3—6米，生產(chǎn)路寬一般不超過(guò)3米，在大型機(jī)械化作業(yè)區(qū)，路面可適當(dāng)放寬。建成后，在集中連片的耕作田塊中，田間道路直接通達(dá)的田塊數(shù)占田塊總數(shù)的比例，平原區(qū)達(dá)到100%，山地丘陵區(qū)達(dá)到90%以上，滿足農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)、農(nóng)資運(yùn)輸?shù)绒r(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)的要求。2022年修訂的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)通則》(GB/T 30600—2022，以下簡(jiǎn)稱《通則》)，明確了田間道(機(jī)耕路)路面應(yīng)滿足強(qiáng)度、穩(wěn)定性和平整度的要求，宜采用泥結(jié)石、碎石等材質(zhì)和車轍路(軌跡路)、砌石(塊)間隔鋪裝等生態(tài)化結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)路面類型和荷載要求，推廣應(yīng)用生物凝結(jié)技術(shù)、透水路面等生態(tài)化設(shè)計(jì)。在暴雨沖刷嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域，可采用混凝土硬化路面。生產(chǎn)路路面材質(zhì)應(yīng)根據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)要求和自然經(jīng)濟(jì)條件確定，宜采用素土、砂石等；在暴雨集中地區(qū)，可采用石板、混凝土等。
 
　　按照《規(guī)劃》的建設(shè)分區(qū)，廣東省位于東南區(qū)?！锻▌t》中規(guī)定了東南區(qū)機(jī)耕路寬宜為3—6米，生產(chǎn)路寬不超過(guò)3米。在實(shí)際建設(shè)中，考慮到不作區(qū)分地對(duì)所有田間道路都進(jìn)行硬化，存在破壞農(nóng)田生態(tài)環(huán)境和土壤結(jié)構(gòu)，影響水土保持功能和農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，為保護(hù)農(nóng)田水土資源、保持土壤自然生態(tài)，我部鼓勵(lì)各地根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貙?shí)際選擇生態(tài)化結(jié)構(gòu)的田間道路，減少道路硬化，兼顧農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。
 
　　下一步，我部將繼續(xù)按照《規(guī)劃》、《通則》等政策標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，指導(dǎo)各地綜合考慮地形地貌等特征，因地制宜建設(shè)好高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田中的田間道路，持續(xù)改善農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件，夯實(shí)國(guó)家糧食安全根基。
 
　　感謝你們對(duì)我部工作的關(guān)心，希望繼續(xù)對(duì)三農(nóng)工作給予支持。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部
　　2023年6月27日

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