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玉米：雜糧界的“能量”，機(jī)械化助力產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展

2019-09-20 10:06:01 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：34780 評論

導(dǎo)讀：作為三大糧食作物之一，玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展一向受到高度重視。為加快玉米綠色品種更新?lián)Q代、促進(jìn)我國玉米籽粒收獲機(jī)械質(zhì)量提升，推動玉米籽粒機(jī)械化收獲技術(shù)大范圍推廣應(yīng)用，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部有關(guān)司局?jǐn)M于9月底或10月上旬在河南省漯河市聯(lián)合開展國家玉米良種重大攻關(guān)暨籽粒低破碎機(jī)械化收獲技術(shù)現(xiàn)場演示活動。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】作為三大糧食作物之一，玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展一向受到高度重視。為加快玉米綠色品種更新?lián)Q代、促進(jìn)我國玉米籽粒收獲機(jī)質(zhì)量提升，推動玉米籽粒機(jī)械化收獲技術(shù)大范圍推廣應(yīng)用，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部有關(guān)司局?jǐn)M于9月底或10月上旬在河南省漯河市聯(lián)合開展國家玉米良種重大攻關(guān)暨籽粒低破碎機(jī)械化收獲技術(shù)現(xiàn)場演示活動。
 
此外，各地區(qū)對于玉米機(jī)械化發(fā)展因地制宜，都有相應(yīng)的措施，確保玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展。
 
　　山西曲沃舉辦2019年玉米莖穗兼收青貯機(jī)械推廣演示會
 
　　秋收之際，為減輕農(nóng)民作業(yè)強(qiáng)度，提升玉米機(jī)收效率。山西省曲沃縣農(nóng)機(jī)中心組織各農(nóng)機(jī)經(jīng)銷企業(yè)于9月8日在曲村鎮(zhèn)舉辦2019年玉米莖穗兼收青貯機(jī)械推廣演示會。
 
　　演示會上，推廣人員對四臺玉米莖穗兼收青貯機(jī)械的操作、運(yùn)行狀態(tài)以及使用注意事項(xiàng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹并進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場演示。農(nóng)民群眾近距離觀看了玉米青貯機(jī)械的作業(yè)效果，有力激發(fā)了農(nóng)民群眾購機(jī)、用機(jī)的熱情，對玉米收獲機(jī)械化技術(shù)的推廣起到了極大推動作用。
 
　　重慶潼南試點(diǎn)丘陵地區(qū)全程機(jī)械化玉米套種大豆
 
　　在雜糧界，玉米被稱為能量，而大豆則被譽(yù)為蛋白，讓“二王”進(jìn)行搭配種植，會碰撞出怎樣的火花？今年，玉米套種大豆全程機(jī)械化這一國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)項(xiàng)目在重慶市潼南區(qū)進(jìn)行試點(diǎn)，目前來看，節(jié)本效益十分明顯。
 
　　“這一復(fù)種模式確實(shí)要得，全程機(jī)械化作業(yè)每畝可節(jié)約人工成本280元，玉米產(chǎn)量和凈作相當(dāng)，還可多收一季大豆，劃得著。”據(jù)試種基地業(yè)主鄧紅兵介紹，在每年三月機(jī)播玉米時(shí)，就提前規(guī)劃好套種大豆的播種機(jī)行走位置和播種行距，利用引進(jìn)改造的窄機(jī)身播種機(jī)，實(shí)現(xiàn)套種田間規(guī)范種植，不會出現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械對作物的碾壓。
 
　　在重慶地區(qū)，由于套種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一、農(nóng)藝參數(shù)不規(guī)范，一直未能實(shí)現(xiàn)全程機(jī)械化。今年，重慶市農(nóng)科院承接了這一國家科研推廣項(xiàng)目，在丘陵地區(qū)試點(diǎn)全程機(jī)械化玉米套種大豆，從翻地、播種、田間管理到收割采取全程機(jī)械化作業(yè)。
 
　　大豆在培植地力、改良土壤方面具有不可替代的優(yōu)勢，具有天然固氮等養(yǎng)地作用，有利于下茬作物生產(chǎn)，是良好的輪作倒茬作物。玉米大豆輪作，一般可每畝節(jié)省5-7公斤化肥投入，而且對病蟲草害防控有調(diào)節(jié)作用，具有“減肥增收”的生態(tài)效益。據(jù)了解，玉米已于夏季采收完畢，再過一個(gè)多月，這里的大豆也將迎來機(jī)收測產(chǎn)。
 
　　山東日照市五蓮縣召開全縣玉米青貯機(jī)械化作業(yè)現(xiàn)場演示會
 
　　9月11日，山東省日照市五蓮縣農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化推廣服務(wù)中心在于里鎮(zhèn)南營村召開了全縣玉米青貯機(jī)械化暨農(nóng)機(jī)深松整地作業(yè)現(xiàn)場演示會。與會人員觀摩了玉米全量青貯收獲、玉米摘穗剝皮聯(lián)合收獲、玉米籽粒收獲、深松聯(lián)合整地、深耕深翻、小麥深松分層施肥免耕精量播種等秋季農(nóng)機(jī)化生產(chǎn)作業(yè)演示。
 
　　山東五征農(nóng)業(yè)裝備公司、馬斯奇奧(青島)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械有限公司等農(nóng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)銷企業(yè)技術(shù)人員講解了演示作業(yè)機(jī)械的性能、參數(shù)及操作要領(lǐng)。與會人員還參觀了日照市勇杰農(nóng)業(yè)裝備公司，觀摩了花生自走撿拾摘果、花生秧除膜粉碎作業(yè)演示。
 
　　吉林柳河召開2019年玉米機(jī)械化收割現(xiàn)場會
 
　　9月6日，由吉林省通化市柳河縣農(nóng)機(jī)管理服務(wù)中心主辦，柳河縣玉米機(jī)械化收割現(xiàn)場會在柳河縣大鄭家村舉行?，F(xiàn)場會上，玉米聯(lián)合收割機(jī)展示了收割、玉米秸稈粉碎還田、玉米剝皮及維護(hù)保養(yǎng)一體化作業(yè)過程和機(jī)械化收割效果，該收割機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)方便、操作靈活，特別適用于中小地塊玉米收獲的特點(diǎn)。
 
　　通過機(jī)械現(xiàn)場演示，讓參觀群眾深切體會到了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化的效率。此次現(xiàn)場觀摩會充分發(fā)揮農(nóng)機(jī)科技示范的帶動作用，提高農(nóng)民群眾對玉米收獲機(jī)械化技術(shù)的應(yīng)用水平。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化技術(shù)開發(fā)推廣總站、山西省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械發(fā)展中心、潼南日報(bào)、山東省日照市農(nóng)機(jī)中心、吉林省通化市柳河縣農(nóng)機(jī)管理服務(wù)中心，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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