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《2020年全國草地貪夜蛾防控預案》發(fā)布， 實現(xiàn)2020年防控處置率達90%以上

2020-02-24 14:12:03 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：29530 評論

導讀：日前，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部《2020年全國草地貪夜蛾防控預案》發(fā)布?！额A案》指出根據(jù)全國農(nóng)作物病蟲害監(jiān)測網(wǎng)調(diào)查監(jiān)測和專家會商分析，預測2020年草地貪夜蛾呈重發(fā)態(tài)勢，各地區(qū)均有集中危害的可能。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 政策導讀】2019年1月，跨境遷飛性害蟲草地貪夜蛾入侵我國，從云南開始逐步向北擴散蔓延，對我國糧食生產(chǎn)構成直接威脅。草地貪夜蛾擴散速度快、影響范圍大、危害程度重，主要危害玉米。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部重視防控工作，全面監(jiān)測預警，及時有效處置，確保草地貪夜蛾不大規(guī)模遷飛、不大面積連片成災，堅決打贏草地貪夜蛾防控攻堅戰(zhàn)，全力保障糧食和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)安全。
 
　　日前，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部《2020年全國草地貪夜蛾防控預案》發(fā)布?！额A案》指出根據(jù)全國農(nóng)作物病蟲害監(jiān)測網(wǎng)調(diào)查監(jiān)測和專家會商分析，預測2020年草地貪夜蛾呈重發(fā)態(tài)勢，各地區(qū)均有集中危害的可能。
 
　　為此，2020年要按照全面監(jiān)測、全力撲殺，分區(qū)施策、聯(lián)防聯(lián)控的要求，優(yōu)化監(jiān)測防控措施，大力推進統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治與應急防治，結合生物生態(tài)控制，大限度降低危害損失。實現(xiàn)“兩個確保”，即確保蟲口密度達標區(qū)域應防盡防，確保發(fā)生區(qū)域不大面積成災。防控處置率90%以上，總體危害損失控制在5%以內(nèi)。
 
　　全面監(jiān)測預報
 
　　組織各級植保機構按照統(tǒng)一方法，開展區(qū)域聯(lián)合監(jiān)測，信息實時共享，全面掌握草地貪夜蛾發(fā)生動態(tài)，確保不因監(jiān)測預報不到位貽誤更佳防控時機，導致害蟲大面積暴發(fā)成災。
 
　　1.加密布設監(jiān)測站點，開展系統(tǒng)觀測、準確掌握草地貪夜蛾成蟲遷飛和發(fā)生消長動態(tài)。
 
　　2.全面加強田間調(diào)查，重點掌握成蟲高峰、產(chǎn)卵數(shù)量、幼蟲密度、被害株率，明確重點防控區(qū)域和關鍵防控時期。
 
　　3.嚴格信息報送制度，通過“全國草地貪夜蛾發(fā)生防控信息平臺”及時填報監(jiān)測調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和防控進展情況，實現(xiàn)“一盤棋”調(diào)度、實時共享、掛圖作戰(zhàn)。
 
　　4.及時發(fā)布蟲情預報，通過電視、廣播、網(wǎng)絡等多種形式廣泛宣傳，提高信息覆蓋率和到位率，指導科學防控。
 
　　實施分區(qū)聯(lián)防
 
　　按照草地貪夜蛾發(fā)生規(guī)律和危害特點，采取分區(qū)域、分時段落實監(jiān)測防控任務。
 
　　1.西南華南周年繁殖區(qū)。重點撲殺境外遷入蟲源，遏制當?shù)劓苌敝?，控制當?shù)匚：p失，減少遷出蟲源數(shù)量。
 
　　2.江南江淮遷飛過渡區(qū)。重點撲殺遷入蟲源，減輕當?shù)匚：?、壓低過境蟲源繁殖基數(shù)。
 
　　3.黃淮海及北方重點防范區(qū)。重點保護玉米生產(chǎn)，降低危害損失率。
 
　　優(yōu)化關鍵技術措施
 
　　根據(jù)草地貪夜蛾的發(fā)生發(fā)展規(guī)律，結合預測預報，因地制宜采取理化誘控、生物生態(tài)控制、應急化學防治等綜合措施，強化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治和聯(lián)防聯(lián)控，及時控制害蟲擴散危害。
 
　　1.理化誘控。在成蟲發(fā)生高峰期，采取高空誘蟲燈、性誘捕器以及食物誘殺等理化誘控措施，誘殺成蟲、干擾交配，
 
　　2.生物防治。因地制宜采取結構調(diào)整等生態(tài)調(diào)控措施，減輕發(fā)生程度，減少化學農(nóng)藥使用，促進可持續(xù)治理。
 
　　3.科學用藥。推廣應用高效低風險農(nóng)藥，注重農(nóng)藥的交替使用、輪換使用、安全使用，延緩抗藥性產(chǎn)生，提高防控效果。
 
　　適時開展應急防治
 
　　根據(jù)草地貪夜蛾暴發(fā)危害預警，對糧食生產(chǎn)可能造成嚴重損失的區(qū)域，采取應急防治措施，全力控制危害，大限度降低危害損失。
 
　　1.發(fā)布蟲情預警。一旦出現(xiàn)大面積暴發(fā)危害的蟲情，各級植保機構立即發(fā)布蟲情預警信息。
 
　　2.儲備防治物資。完善應急防治藥劑推薦目錄，儲備必要的藥劑和器械等防治物資。
 
　　3.組織應急隊伍。在西南華南邊境地區(qū)、江南江淮重點遷飛通道和北方重點防范區(qū)，以專業(yè)化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治服務組織為主體，以新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體為補充，組建培育應急防治隊伍，配備高效施藥器械和安全防護用品，提升應急防治能力和水平。
 
　　4.實施應急防治。在發(fā)生面積大、蟲口密度高、擴散勢頭猛、成災威脅大的區(qū)域，地方各級人民政府依據(jù)《國家突發(fā)公共事件總體應急預案》要求，及時啟動應急響應，劃定應急防治范圍和面積，調(diào)集防治隊伍，組織開展應急防治行動，嚴防大面積暴發(fā)成災。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部，如有侵權或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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