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科技助力新疆棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展

2021-04-01 11:28:39 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機(jī)化司 閱讀量：20991 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：　新疆棉花種植面積下降，為何產(chǎn)量還增加？這得益于科技支撐等手段助推新疆棉花實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 市場行情】3月25日，來自國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的消息稱，2020年新疆棉花播種面積為2501.9千公頃，較2019年的2540.5千公頃同比下降1.52%；2020年新疆棉花產(chǎn)量為516.2萬噸，較2019年的500.2萬噸同比增長3.20%。
 
　　新疆棉花種植面積下降，為何產(chǎn)量還增加？這得益于科技支撐等手段助推新疆棉花實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
 
　　新疆自然條件得天獨(dú)厚，夏季溫差大，陽光充足，光合作用充分，棉花生長時(shí)間長。因此，新疆長絨棉品質(zhì)達(dá)到世界頂級(jí)，做成衣被，暖和、透氣、舒適，長年供不應(yīng)求。
 
　　春日漸暖，科技日?qǐng)?bào)記者在庫車市牙哈鎮(zhèn)守努特村高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)棉花種植基地看到，幾臺(tái)大馬力導(dǎo)航無人駕駛拖拉機(jī)正在進(jìn)行精量播種，場面十分壯觀。
 
　　近年來，新疆不斷提升農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、智能化、信息化水平，引進(jìn)無人駕駛拖拉機(jī)等高科技技術(shù)，為農(nóng)民整地、播種、植保、收獲提供全程機(jī)械化技術(shù)服務(wù)。諸多高新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用正在助推新疆棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
 
　　“隨著國家棉花價(jià)格改革深入推進(jìn)，鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施，無人駕駛拖拉機(jī)等高科技技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，我們種棉花的勁頭更足了。”今年，守努特村村民庫爾班·托乎提在去年承包2萬畝土地種植棉花的基礎(chǔ)上，又多承包了1萬畝。
 
　　植保無人機(jī)、打包采棉機(jī)、殘膜回收機(jī)、智能深翻犁……這些智能機(jī)器，受到越來越多新疆棉農(nóng)的青睞。
 
　　數(shù)據(jù)顯示，新疆農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平逐年提升，棉花綜合機(jī)械化水平達(dá)80%以上。
 
　　近年來，新疆棉花機(jī)械化采收面積以年均超百萬畝的速度增長。2016年至2020年，棉花機(jī)收水平由20.71%提高至69.83%。
 
　　棉花是當(dāng)?shù)刂еa(chǎn)業(yè)之一，新疆通過科技興棉等手段，不斷提升棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力，促進(jìn)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
 
　　去年，為穩(wěn)定棉花生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，新疆持續(xù)優(yōu)化棉花品種數(shù)量，提高棉花品質(zhì)，布局發(fā)展高產(chǎn)優(yōu)勢棉區(qū)。
 
　　自治區(qū)科技廳為促進(jìn)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，去年啟動(dòng)“棉花優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)高效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)集成示范項(xiàng)目”。這一重大科技項(xiàng)目投資3100萬元，針對(duì)新疆棉花優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)高效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)和農(nóng)業(yè)水資源安全供給的科技需求，以沙雅縣50萬畝高效節(jié)水棉田為研究對(duì)象，以“降成本、提品質(zhì)、增效益”為目標(biāo)，開展技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和集成應(yīng)用，形成在南疆地區(qū)可復(fù)制、可推廣的棉花生產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)高效經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
 
　　“去年，按照‘一主兩輔’用種模式統(tǒng)一了品種，我們?nèi)?0%的棉花品種棉花價(jià)格也優(yōu)于往年。”阿克蘇市喀拉塔勒鎮(zhèn)英阿克艾日克村委會(huì)主任麥合蘇提·艾米熱拉說。
 
　　“一主兩輔”的模式，是新疆推動(dòng)植棉縣市以1個(gè)主栽品種、2個(gè)搭配品種開展棉花種植，同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)因地制宜發(fā)展一縣一品、多縣一品，有效解決棉花品種多、雜、亂的問題，從源頭上提高棉花品質(zhì)。
 
　　據(jù)介紹，今年新疆要加快推進(jìn)相同生態(tài)區(qū)域‘一主兩輔’用種模式，從源頭解決棉花品種多亂雜問題；推動(dòng)自治區(qū)特別是南疆棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化進(jìn)程，力爭機(jī)械化采收率超過70%，促進(jìn)新疆棉花生產(chǎn)綠色高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。

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